Sri Lanka, an island nation known for its stunning landscapes and vibrant biodiversity, faces an escalating crisis involving its monkey population. This issue has become so pressing that the Sri Lankan government has resorted to an unconventional and controversial method to manage the situation: the use of intrauterine devices (IUDs) on female macaques. This bold move has sparked considerable debate within the country and intersects with broader global concerns related to the monkey trade. The Growing Monkey Problem in Sri Lanka In the history and environment of Sri Lanka deep are the roots of the monkey problem. The crisis began during Sri Lanka's prolonged ethnic conflict , which lasted for 26 years. The war led to extensive deforestation as large areas of forest were cleared for military purposes, disrupting the natural habitats of many species, including the Toque Macaques, a species native to Sri Lanka. In the aftermath of the conflict, rapid development further fragmented the...